Friday, May 31, 2013

The scoop on bird poop: Evolving diversity of microbial life in bird guts

May 31, 2013 ? Gut bacteria are known to have a central role both in human and in animal health. Animals acquire different bacteria as they age but how the microbial communities in the bodies of wild animals change over time is not well understood. Wouter van Dongen and colleagues at the Vetmeduni Vienna have examined the gastrointestinal bacteria of chick and adult black-legged kittiwakes. Surprisingly, the microbial assemblages of chicks and adults generally differ greatly, with only a few types of bacteria in common.

The findings have recently been published in the journal BMC Ecology.

Gastrointestinal bacteria are important for digestion, immune functions and general health. Wouter van Dongen and colleagues from the Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology of the Vetmeduni Vienna have collaborated with scientists from the Laboratoire ?volution & Diversit? Biologique (EDB), Toulouse and from the US Geological Survey, Anchorage to study the cloacal bacterial assemblies of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). The bacteria in the cloaca are known to be similar to assemblages deeper within the gastrointestinal tract, so the researchers examined samples from the cloaca of birds at different ages to look indirectly at gut bacteria.

Flushing bacteria

To obtain bacterial samples, the researchers "flushed" the birds' cloacae by gently infusing a salt solution into the cloacae and collecting the liquid. The bacterial diversity in the cloaca of each bird could be estimated with the aid of molecular genetic techniques. The scientists were able to identify different bacterial assemblages and thus to draw a clear picture of how bacterial communities in bird guts change as the birds age.

From a youthful hodgepodge to a stable community

There turned out to be a great variety of bacterial species in the guts of kittiwake chicks but the assortment in the adults was much less diverse. Astonishingly, the sampled chicks and adults had only seven out of a total of 64 bacteria species in common and some of the bacteria that were very common in adults were not present in chicks at all. Wouter van Dongen says, "We were very surprised to find that the bacteria in chick gastrointestinal tracts are so different from those in adults. Given that chicks share the nest with their parents and eat food that is regurgitated by the parents, we expected the level of bacterial sharing to be a lot higher." The scientists? findings suggest that young birds are susceptible to many species of bacteria that pass through their gut. As the animals mature, the number of bacterial species decreases. Particular groups of bacteria that stay ultimately form a stable community.

A number of causes

It is known from other studies that the composition of gastrointestinal microbes changes according to the age of the host. The differences may correlate with changes in the birds? gut chemistry over time or with changes in diet or may result from competition between bacterial species. A more developed immune system in adults and the lack of mobility of the young could also play a part. Further studies are needed to determine the causes and consequences of the variation in the bacterial assemblages in guts of wild birds.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Veterin?rmedizinische Universit?t Wien.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Wouter FD van Dongen, Jo?l White, Hanja B Brandl, Yoshan Moodley, Thomas Merkling, Sarah Leclaire, Pierrick Blanchard, ?tienne Danchin, Scott A Hatch, Richard H Wagner. Age-related differences in the cloacal microbiota of a wild bird species. BMC Ecology, 2013; 13 (1): 11 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6785-13-11

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/k0MAdBmzEdI/130531105238.htm

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Free Fish Rodeo Saturday at East Lake Park | al.com

Details:

June 1 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. at East Lake Park.

The lake has been stocked, just bring your own polls and lures.?

They will have prizes, giveaways, crafts, games and more. ?

Children under 16 years old do not need a fishing license. ?

East Lake Park is located on 1st Ave. N. and 84th St. For more information call 205-254-2391

Source: http://blog.al.com/bargain-mom/2013/05/free_fish_rodeo_saturday_at_ea.html

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Olivia Newton-John's Sister Rona Dead After Brain Cancer Battle ...

Olivia Newton-John is mourning the loss of her older sister, Rona Newton-John, who lost her battle with brain cancer at age 70 earlier this week. The Grease actress made the announcement via her Facebook page on Wednesday, May 29.

"My beautiful sister Rona sadly passed on May 24 in Los Angeles. It was May 25 in Australia -- which was our mother Irene's birthday," Olivia, 64, wrote. "Rona died of a very aggressive brain tumor and mercifully suffered no pain. She was surrounded by the love of her four children -- Fiona, Brett, Tottie and Emerson, and her wonderful friends. I will miss her forever -- my beautiful, smart, talented, funny, brave sister Rona."

PHOTOS Famous siblings

Like her sister, Rona was also an actress. She was married to her sister's late Grease costar Jeff Conaway from 1980 to 1985.

In lieu of flowers, the Newton-John family asks that donations be made to the Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, "where a brain tumor wellness program will be started in her name," she wrote.

PHOTOS: Australian stars

Olivia -- who beat breast cancer in 1992 -- added, "Thank you all for your kind words of love and support."

PHOTOS: Stars who've battled cancer

In late April, the Australian star postponed a series of Las Vegas shows in order to spend time with her ailing sister. "As a cancer 'thriver' myself, as many people are, I am very aware of the importance of love, support and family during this journey she is about to begin," Olivia explained at the time.

Source: http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/olivia-newton-johns-sister-rona-dies-after-brain-cancer-battle-2013305

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Trouble trailed Bachmann after failed White House bid (cbsnews)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, News Feeds and News via Feedzilla.

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Wednesday, May 29, 2013

Duolingo (for Android)


Learning a new language takes a lot of time and practice, and usually a lot of money, too. But one service, Duolingo (4 stars), has proved that great language-learning material doesn't have to cost a dime. The Duolingo website has been one of my favorite places to brush up on foreign words and phrases, and the iPhone app, which has offline content so you can keep learning no matter where you go, is equally stellar. Welcome to the circle, Android users: the small company behind this great language program has finally launched a Duolingo app for your mobile devices, too.

I've used Duolingo on the Web and iPhone over many months to brush up on my Spanish, but also to complement some self-learning from scratch that I had been doing in German using the audio-intensive Pimsleur program. The Android version is quite similar to the iPhone app. Overall, Duolingo works best, in my opinion, when you couple it with some other language-learning program or practice, or to refresh a language you've studied before. But it's an excellent app and service, and as far as truly free mobile apps for language-learning go, Duolingo is easily the best. It's even better in my opinion than a few paid language-learning apps, such as Living Language iPad app (requires $19.99 in-app purchase) and the mobile apps for Babbel (requires a membership from $12.95 per month).

From a user's perspective, Duolingo works like most other language-learning programs. You work through exercises or activities to complete lessons, which are part of larger units. The structure is clear, shown on a tree in Duolingo, and the app keeps track of your progress synchronously across both the Android or iPhone app and the Web version. It always remembers where you left off, and on the mobile platforms, it saves locally the most recent lessons you've completed (so you can repeat them if you only barely passed) as well as a few upcoming lessons.

Languages on Duolingo
The most obvious holdback for Duolingo is it doesn't have programs in as many languages as some other companies who have been making language-learning content since the early days of books-on-tape. On Android, the options for English speakers are Spanish, French, German, Italian, and Portuguese for now. There are a few other computations if you count speakers of other languages studying English.

If you need to practice a language that may be hard to find, try Rosetta Stone Version 4 TOTALe, which is pricey but very good for beginners, or Pimsleur as a low-cost option (a couple of audio-only units will cost in the neighborhood of $25, depending on the language and delivery method).

Duolingo Exercises on Android
Like the iPhone app, the Duolingo Android app walks you through various exercises to help you practice reading, writing, listening, speaking, and translating your language of choice. You can actually sign up to study as many of the included languages as you want, and a clear menu option lets you toggle between your different courses.

Duolingo's exercises take only a few seconds to complete, which is appropriate for a mobile app. You might, for example, be asked to translate a sentence from English to Spanish or vice versa. Sometimes you'll type the answer long form, and sometimes you'll piece it together from a list of suggested words (compared with the Web app, the Android app swaps out about half the heavy-duty typing with this latter exercise, which is appropriate on the smaller screen). Sometimes the app asks you to speak a phrase or two, and sometimes it asks you to pick the correct translation from a multiple choice list?and there might be more than one correct answer. You can see a few examples of the kinds of exercises included in the app in the slideshow.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/-k9p97Py-0E/0,2817,2419582,00.asp

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Scientists find mechanism that causes noise-induced tinnitus and drug that can prevent it

May 27, 2013 ? An epilepsy drug shows promise in an animal model at preventing tinnitus from developing after exposure to loud noise, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The findings, reported this week in the early online version of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reveal for the first time the reason the chronic and sometimes debilitating condition occurs.

An estimated 5 to 15 percent of Americans hear whistling, clicking, roaring and other phantom sounds of tinnitus, which typically is induced by exposure to very loud noise, said senior investigator Thanos Tzounopoulos, Ph.D., associate professor and member of the auditory research group in the Department of Otolaryngology, Pitt School of Medicine.

"There is no cure for it, and current therapies such as hearing aids don't provide relief for many patients," he said. "We hope that by identifying the underlying cause, we can develop effective interventions."

The team focused on an area of the brain that is home to an important auditory center called the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). From previous research in a mouse model, they knew that tinnitus is associated with hyperactivity of DCN cells -- they fire impulses even when there is no actual sound to perceive. For the new experiments, they took a close look at the biophysical properties of tiny channels, called KCNQ channels, through which potassium ions travel in and out of the cell.

"We found that mice with tinnitus have hyperactive DCN cells because of a reduction in KCNQ potassium channel activity," Dr. Tzounopoulos said. "These KCNQ channels act as effective "brakes" that reduce excitability or activity of neuronal cells."

In the model, sedated mice are exposed in one ear to a 116-decibel sound, about the loudness of an ambulance siren, for 45 minutes, which was shown in previous work to lead to the development of tinnitus in 50 percent of exposed mice. Dr. Tzounopoulos and his team tested whether an FDA-approved epilepsy drug called retigabine, which specifically enhances KCNQ channel activity, could prevent the development of tinnitus. Thirty minutes into the noise exposure and twice daily for the next five days, half of the exposed group was given injections of retigabine.

Seven days after noise exposure, the team determined whether the mice had developed tinnitus by conducting startle experiments, in which a continuous, 70 dB tone is played for a period, then stopped briefly and then resumed before being interrupted with a much louder pulse. Mice with normal hearing perceive the gap in sounds and are aware something had changed, so they are less startled by the loud pulse than mice with tinnitus, which hear phantom noise that masks the moment of silence in between the background tones.

The researchers found that mice that were treated with retigabine immediately after noise exposure did not develop tinnitus. Consistent with previous studies, 50 percent of noise-exposed mice that were not treated with the drug exhibited behavioral signs of the condition.

"This is an important finding that links the biophysical properties of a potassium channel with the perception of a phantom sound," Dr. Tzounopoulos said. "Tinnitus is a channelopathy, and these KCNQ channels represent a novel target for developing drugs that block the induction of tinnitus in humans."

The KCNQ family is composed of five different subunits, four of which are sensitive to retigabine. He and his collaborators aim to develop a drug that is specific for the two KCNQ subunits involved in tinnitus to minimize the potential for side effects.

"Such a medication could be a very helpful preventive strategy for soldiers and other people who work in situations where exposure to very loud noise is likely," Dr. Tzounopoulos said. "It might also be useful for other conditions of phantom perceptions, such as pain in a limb that has been amputated."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/dop4VTycjlo/130527153701.htm

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Monday, May 27, 2013

The Engadget Interview: Lixin Cheng on ZTE's US future at CTIA 2013

The Engadget Interview Lixin Cheng on ZTE's US future at CTIA 2013

Last week at CTIA, we sat down with Lixin Cheng -- CEO of ZTE USA -- for a candid discussion about the company's future in the US. The conversation started with ZTE's current portfolio in the US, which consists of 18 SKUs -- primarily inexpensive Android smartphones (most with LTE) for the prepaid market. Mr. Cheng mentioned that the company's doing quite well in the US thanks to an 85.7 percent year-to-year growth in market share. ZTE is now in third place among prepaid handset manufacturers with a market share of 17 percent. He explained that carriers are seeing revenue growth from prepaid services which now account for 22.5 to 29 percent of revenue. This puts the company in a strong position for the future, despite last year's investigation by Congress. So we asked Mr. Cheng if and when ZTE would bring flagship phones like the Grand S or Grand Memo to the US in partnership with the four major carriers. His reply:

I have promised you at CES that we're going to bring the Grand S or Memo series into [the] US, and we are working on that, and I think that very soon we will announce some good news.

That's good news indeed. Hit the break for more, including our video interview and full transcript.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/I3HugfGjznM/

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Confused Weather Drops Over 30 Inches Of Snow on Memorial Day Weekend

(Reuters) - A teenage girl's abusive slur aimed at Australian Rules Football player Adam Goodes has jolted the state of Victoria into establishing programs that will educate children on racism, according to local media on Saturday. The 33-year-old Sydney Swans player, who is of Indigenous Australian heritage, was called an "ape" by the 13-year-old spectator at Friday's AFL game against Collingwood at the MCG in Melbourne. Goodes told a news conference he was "gutted" by the remark but added that the girl, who was escorted out of the stadium following the incident, had called him to apologies. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/confused-weather-drops-over-30-inches-snow-memorial-032633425.html

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San Antonio flooding kills 1; 200-plus rescued

SAN ANTONIO (AP) ? Torrential rains swamped San Antonio with flash floods on Saturday, leaving at least one person dead as emergency workers in boats rushed to rescue more than 200 residents stranded in cars and homes.

"It was pretty crazy," said Gera Hinojosa, a valet parking cars downtown after the storm. "It was pretty unexpected. We hardly got any warning about it."

For one woman, the storm turned fatal rapidly: Trapped in her car, she climbed to the roof but was swept away in floodwaters, said San Antonio Fire Department spokesman Christian Bove. Her body was later found against a fence, he said. Her name was not immediately released.

Authorities were searching for at least two other people ? one who went missing after being trapped in another car and a teenage boy who was swept away while trying to cross the swollen Cibolo Creek in suburban Schertz.

The Fire Department conducted more than 235 rescues across the city, some by inflatable boats, authorities said. They continued their search into the evening.

"We'll be out there as long as daylight permits and again in the morning if the water recedes," San Antonio Fire Chief Charles Hood said, adding that going into floodwaters was more dangerous for firefighters than entering a burning building.

By nightfall, water still pooled in ditches and underpasses. Several roadways were closed, including a major highway that links the suburbs and the city.

But even in low-lying neighborhoods along Commerce Street east of downtown ? a faded stretch of clapboard houses and beauty parlors ? yards were clear. In the tourist district around the River Walk, the streets were thick with weekend revelers.

While the water in some homes rose 4 feet high, according to Bove, most residents experienced the floods primarily as a major traffic hassle. Karen Herring, 50, who spent the day volunteering at a fitness contest at the AT&T Center, said participants complained of three-hour drives across town.

Brent Rose, 39, a law enforcement officer who drove in for the contest from the semi-rural northern suburbs, said the damage extended beyond the city.

"We had some fences rolled over by the water," Rose said. "Some farm animals went astray. But not a big deal."

In the city, even a municipal bus was swept away, but firefighters on a boat were able to rescue the three passengers and driver, public transit spokeswoman Priscilla Ingle said. Nobody was injured.

The San Antonio International Airport by Saturday afternoon had recorded 9.87 inches of rain since midnight, causing nearly all streams and rivers to experience extraordinary flooding. The highest amount of rainfall recorded since midnight was 15.5 inches at Olmos Creek at Dresden Drive.

Mayor Julian Castro urged residents not to drive.

"We have had too many folks who continue to ignore low-water warnings," Castro said at a Saturday afternoon news conference.

A flash flood warning was issued for nearly two dozen counties, with up to 4 inches of rainfall forecast overnight.

A flood warning remained for Leon Creek at Interstate 35, where the level was 27.1 feet and was expected to peak at 29 feet Saturday night ? nearly twice the flood stage of 15 feet, according to the National Weather Service. The San Antonio River about 20 miles southeast of the city, near Elmendorf, was expected to peak at 62 feet by Sunday morning, well above the flood stage of 35 feet.

The National Weather Service compared the flooding to the storm of October 1998, when 30 inches of rain fell in a two-day period. In that flood, the Guadalupe and San Antonio River basins overflowed, leaving more than 30 people dead, according to the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority.

Due to that history, Hinojosa said, residents were prepared, despite the storm's pace.

"We've been through floods before," he said.

___

Associated Press writers Angela K. Brown in Fort Worth and Danny Robbins in Dallas contributed to this report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/san-antonio-flooding-kills-1-200-plus-rescued-235200349.html

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Sunday, May 26, 2013

George Heymont: Class Acts

For me, watching a film or a live theatrical performance is a bit like making love. I'm often in the dark, unsure of the next move. Whether or not my hopes and expectations will match reality remains to be seen.

One old saying warns that "You have to kiss a lot of frogs to find a Prince." Another cautions to "Just sit back and enjoy it."

Famous words of advice.

But what if the action is keeping you on the edge of your seat? What if your foot is tapping in rhythm to the music? What if the performances you're witnessing on stage and screen are more satisfying than usual?

When you find yourself in the care of a skilled creative team that knows what it's doing, it's like the magical moment when you discover that you've locked lips with someone who knows the fine art of kissing. Years of experience and practice have brought about a refinement of craft which can make the moment seem intoxicating, yet precise. Knowing, yet spontaneous. Deliciously orchestrated.

Such moments build trust. Perhaps even love. On the rare nights when they occur in a theatre, it's possible to cherish the idea that you're in the presence of a class act. Or, at the very least, someone who knows what he's doing.

* * * * * * * * * *

Sometime in my mid teens, my family went to see a performance of Carnival! Many years later, my mother told me that at the end of the show I couldn't stop crying. There were many moments when I teared up watching 42nd Street Moon's production of Carnival! this Spring. And with good reason.

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Ashley Jarrett as Lili (Photo by: David Allen)


Based on the 1953 film Lili (which starred Leslie Caron, Jean-Pierre Aumont, Zsa Zsa Gabor, and Mel Ferrer), the artistic roots of Carnival! can be traced back to the popular Kukla, Fran and Ollie Show on television. There was never any doubt that the interaction with puppets had universal appeal to children of all ages.


When Carnival! opened at the Imperial Theatre it starred Anna Maria Alberghetti as Lili, James Mitchell as Marco the Magnificent, Kaye Ballard as Rosalie and, fresh from his triumph in The Fantasticks, 26-year-old Jerry Orbach making his Broadway debut as Paul, the bitter puppeteer whose dancing career had been ended by a war injury.

Directed and choreographed by Gower Champion, the show was notable for its opening. As the audience entered the theatre, the curtain was up, revealing a bare stage. When the show started, the actors in B.F. Schlegel's rundown circus troupe entered down the theatre's aisles, set up the rigging for a circus tent and pulled circus wagons from the wings during the opening number ("Direct From Vienna"). The magic never stopped.

2013-05-18-walrusalberghetti.jpg
Lili (Anna Maria Alberghetti) with Horrible Henry in Carnival!


Produced by David Merrick, Carnival! was a great hit, which spawned a national tour starring Susan Watson. In 1964, 18-year-old Liza Minnelli starred as Lili in a Paper Mill Playhouse production. In 2002, 19-year-old Anne Hathaway starred in the City Center Encores! production (click here to watch her sing "Yes, My Heart!").

By the 1980s, however, Carnival! had pretty much vanished from the American stage. Some attributed its disappearance to the show's overt sentimentality, others to the influence of Stephen Sondheim and Andrew Lloyd Webber. Others claimed that the show was "too dark" (a laughable idea when one notices that Carnival! followed Gypsy: A Musical Fable into the Imperial Theatre and, after it transferred to the Winter Garden, was replaced by a series of musicals with much darker plots: Oliver!, Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret, and Zorba).

What is it like to revisit a beloved musical 50 years after first seeing it? In the case of Carnival! it was pretty much love at second sight. I was, however, acutely aware of how much more of the subplots I understood as an adult than I could possibly have grasped as a naive teenager.

2013-05-18-carnivalcast.jpg
Ashley Jarrett with 42nd Street Moon's cast of Carnival!
Photo by: David Allen


As 42nd Street Moon's productions have become more sophisticated, the company has put a greater emphasis on sets (Hector Zavala), costumes (Moises Mora), and choreography (Jayne Zaban). But the essence of Carnival! is so forthright that it's almost impossible to resist its charms.

As directed by Greg MacKellan (with Dave Dobrusky accompanying on piano), the show has lost none of its appeal (I'll freely admit to getting teary-eyed at numerous moments during the performance). Bill Olson was vain and oily as Marco the Magnificent while Dyan McBride proved to be a comic delight as his lover/partner, Rosalie. Michael Doppe (Jacquot), Stephen Vaught (Schlegel), Rudy Guerrero (Dr. Glass), and Nathaniel Rothrock (Grobert) all made nice character contributions in supporting roles.

2013-05-18-ashleypuppet.jpg
Lili (Ashley Jarrett) with Carrot Top (Photo by David Allen)


But the heart of Carnival! lies with the innocent young Lili, the puppets she falls in love with (Carrot Top, Marguerite, Horrible Henry the Walrus, Reynardo the Fox) and, of course, the bitter puppeteer, Paul Berthalet. As Lili, Ashley Jarrett delivered a solid soprano with a childlike approach to a magician's fake flare and a willingness to suspend disbelief when conversing with her puppet friends. As Paul, Ryan Drummond delivered another one of his forcefully sung, deeply masculine characterizations.

Bob Merrill's music and lyrics hold up beautifully after five decades (in fact, better than many other shows which have been revived by 42nd Street Moon). Michael Stewart's book has moments of surprising humor and is more tightly constructed than most musicals. Philip Howard's thrilling orchestrations were sorely missed.

Following her triumph at this year's Academy Awards for her performance as Fantine in the film adaptation of Les Mis?rables, Anne Hathaway is purported to have said that she would love to do more film musicals. Carnival! represents an important piece of Broadway history and is ripe for filming (a previous project fell through).

2013-05-18-ashleycrew.jpg
Lili (Ashley Jarrett), Carrot Top, Jacquot (Michael Doppe),
Marguerite, and Paul (Ryan Drummond) in Carnival!
(Photo by: David Allen)
* * * * * * * * * *


A class act from start to finish, The Company You Keep might disappoint viewers who want an action film with lots of car chases and explosions. This is a thinking man's film (like 1992's Sneakers) in which characters must use their brains rather than their brawn.

The result is a tense cat-and-mouse game with veteran actors whose internal acting skills are hard to match. Whether you watch Robert Redford's heavily wrinkled face trying to cover a wealth of secrets or Susan Sarandon's moist eyes as they carry her through a magnificent jailhouse confrontation with investigative reporter Ben Shepard (Shia LeBeouf), this is very much an actor's film.

2013-05-18-sarandonjail.jpg
Susan Sarandon as Sharon Solarz


When your name is Robert Redford it's easy to attract some of the world's top talent to your projects. Consider the fact that The Company You Keep includes Chris Cooper, Julie Christie, Terrence Howard, Richard Jenkins, Nick Nolte, Sam Elliott and Stanley Tucci in its roster of secondary characters and there's no escaping this film's quotient of top talent. What makes Redford's film so delicious is that all of these actors deliver in spades (with equally impressive performances coming from Jackie Evancho, Brendan Gleeson, Stephen Root, Anna Kendrick, and Brit Marling in smaller roles).

2013-05-18-tuccishia.jpg
Editor Ray Fuller (Stanley Tucci) argues with reporter
Ben Shepard (Shia LeBeoef) in The Company You Keep


The basic premise of the plot is simple: More than three decades after a bank robbery by members of the Weather Underground in which a bank employee was killed, Sharon Solarz (Susan Sarandon) decides to surrender to the authorities. An eager beaver reporter named Ben Shepard (Shia LeBeouf) working for a financially troubled newspaper in Albany, New York picks up the scent of a neglected story and tries to interview Jim Grant (Robert Redford), a small-time local lawyer with surprising ties to the case.

What follows is one of those "peel-the-onion" stories as Shepard's ambition grabs hold of the story and his tenacity keeps him one step ahead of the FBI while following Grant (who is now on the run). Grant (who was once an active member of the Weather Underground) knows that the only person who can clear his name is his former colleague and lover, Mimi Lurie (Julie Christie). But old ideals and ideologies die hard.

2013-05-18-The_Company_You_Keep_poster.jpg
Poster art for The Company You Keep


The Company You Keep is that rare film about ethics, integrity, accountability, regret, and the difficult decisions one makes in life. Its core audience is definitely not 15-year-old boys who get hard at the sight of an exploding gun. However, their parents and grandparents will probably find The Company You Keep a thrilling and relevant exercise in exploring the personal repercussions of political dissent.

I have no doubt that older audiences will be far more appreciative of the acting and the film's excellent musical score by Cliff Martinez. Here's the trailer:

To read more of George Heymont go to My Cultural Landscape

?

Follow George Heymont on Twitter: www.twitter.com/geoheymont

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/george-heymont/class-acts_b_3337439.html

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Girl's suicide after alleged attack troubles town

SARATOGA, Calif. (AP) ? One evening last Labor Day weekend, 15-year-old Audrie Pott walked up the driveway of a classmate's home alongside other teenagers. She'd told her parents she was spending the night with a friend. The friend claimed she was sleeping at Audrie's. Instead, the girls were having a party. A classic teenage ploy.

By all accounts, Audrie was a gorgeous girl. Her lush brown hair framed a heart-shaped face. Light makeup outlined her sharp brown eyes, but round cheeks gave her a childlike charm. She was a soccer player, a painter, a girl who at age 4 had the gumption to stand in front of 1,000 people in church and belt out a solo.

On that Sunday night, she was just another kid pushing the limits as she celebrated the last days of summer, getting drunk with her friends on vodka and Gatorade.

Police and a civil lawsuit outline allegations of what happened next: Three boys came into a room where Audrie had passed out. When she awoke the next morning, her shorts were off. Pictures were doodled on her body with a Sharpie. On one leg was the name of a boy, followed by the words "was here."

"My life is ruined," Audrie would tell a friend in a Facebook message over the coming days. "I can't do anything to fix it."

Soon Audrie learned about a photograph apparently making the rounds ? of an intimate part of her body, taken, a family lawyer says, while she was passed out. "I have a reputation for a night I don't even remember," she wrote in another Facebook message, "and the whole school knows."

Eight days after the end-of-summer party, the sophomore who dreamed of traveling the world took her own life, hanging herself in a bathroom at home. Now the three boys, only 16 themselves, stand charged with sexual battery.

If the story of Audrie Pott rings familiar, it's because, tragically, it is. The federal government last year released data showing a rise in cyberbullying and youth suicide, including cases such as the 2010 death of Phoebe Prince, a 15-year-old Irish immigrant who hanged herself after bullying by classmates in South Hadley, Mass. Five students later accepted plea deals.

In Ohio, the rape of a 16-year-old girl last year was recorded on cellphones and gossiped about online. Two high school football players were convicted in the incident. And last month police in Canada reopened the case of Rehtaeh Parsons, a Halifax, Nova Scotia, teen whose family said she was photographed while being sexually assaulted in 2011 and bullied after the photo circulated online. Parsons died in April after hanging herself.

"How can our society provide a safe haven for young girls? Why do young men feel that young girls are but objects for their sexual fantasies and pleasure? Why do teenagers avoid seeking help when they are depressed and suicidal?" asked the pastor who delivered the eulogy for 17-year-old Rehtaeh.

Such questions come easily in the wake of these cases. Answers? Less so.

Now another community is left grappling with the loss of another girl, and Saratoga is asking its own questions. About blame and morality ? but also what, if any, lessons can be learned from losing Audrie.

___

Saratoga is a bastion of calm tucked on the western edge of the Silicon Valley against the redwood-studded Santa Cruz Mountains. Baskets of geraniums dangle from streetlamps in the historic town of 30,000. Electric car-charging stations are installed in front of 130-year-old limestone buildings.

It's a community with some of the highest housing costs and incomes in the country, and it's known for its parks, its wineries ? and its highly rated public schools. It's not a community that typically grapples with crime, let alone teen suicide.

"So many of us have lived here for years, and nothing like this has ever happened here before," said Mayor Jill Hunter, whose four sons graduated from the same school Audrie and the three suspects attended, Saratoga High. "We're terribly sad. We're having to bide our time to find out what the courts say, what justice says."

Today sorrow flows in a quiet undercurrent through town. Friendly conversations and noisy cafes grow silent at the mention of Audrie's name. But at the high school and online, teenagers are speaking out ? calling for more dialogue about what's right and wrong, and for more kindness among peers.

"Things have got to change," junior class president Anup Kar said in a story published by the Saratoga High student newspaper. "Students need to start helping other students. Someone needs to step up, and it can't just be the same people. It has to be every single student on our campus, making an effort to make our campus a better safer place."

Like so many schools in a cyber-saturated age, Saratoga High was trying to tackle these difficult topics.

Six months before Audrie committed suicide, a psychologist spoke about cyberbullying at the Saratoga High library. Earlier this year, the school held a "Just be Kind" week to encourage respect among classmates. And in March, art teacher Leah Aguayo gathered 85 girls for an empowerment workshop, at which teal-colored balloons ? Audrie's favorite color ? were released in her memory.

School Superintendent Bob Mistele said student assemblies and parent-staff meetings are held regularly to address bullying, and that his staff receives training about mandated reporting requirements when a student brings a complaint.

"Keeping our schools safe and free from bullying is a high priority for all of us," Mistele said in a statement last month in response to Audrie's case. "We share a common responsibility to stand up to and speak out about inappropriate, harassing behavior whenever we see it, hear about it, or view it on the Internet."

Mistele's office declined further interview requests, citing privacy and legal concerns.

Nationally, anti-bullying statutes and programs have proliferated since Georgia became the first state to pass a measure in 1999. Forty-nine states now have bullying laws on the books, while documentaries about tragic cases and national campaigns such as Stop Bullying Now! have brought increased attention to the problem.

In Audrie's case, like the incidents in Ohio and Canada, a sexual assault is also alleged, however ? something experts said mothers and fathers must talk to their children about, just as they might discuss drug and alcohol use.

"Parents, when they sit down and talk to their kids, it's about drinking, not sexual assault," said Rosalind Wiseman, an author of books focusing on the lives of teenagers and an expert in bullying. Wiseman suggested that parents reinforce the idea that it's OK for children to go to them when they think something inappropriate has occurred.

"I would like for parents to include when they talk to their kids, 'If something bad happens to you or one of your friends, please know that is more important to me than if you got drunk or did something else you shouldn't have,'" she said.

Cyberbullying expert Nancy Willard said adults need to focus on positive norms, "recognizing that the vast majority of teens ... have an extremely low regard for anyone who distributes a nude image of a peer," she said.

Teens also need to know that if they are involved in a bullying situation ? or something worse ? it's safe to tell an adult, Willard said.

"Even if an image has been distributed, this is something that they can recover from," she said. "So let an adult they trust know what is happening. If a friend is being exploited in this way, they should reach out to let their friend know they are there for support and advise their friend to tell a trusted adult."

Audrie, it seems, confided in few. In the week following the alleged assault, she instead did what so many young people do: She shut down and suffered in silence ? reaching out to only a few friends with increasing desperation.

___

Before that Labor Day weekend, Audrie was a bright girl dealing with normal teen challenges. She spent summers at horse camp, played viola and piano. On winter slopes, her parents recalled, she sang as she skied. On hikes in the local hills, she marched her friends until they had blisters. At 11, Audrie beamed as she strode, without gloves or jacket, on a frigid day with her middle school color guard in President Barack Obama's first inaugural parade.

When Audrie started Saratoga High as a freshman, the school paper interviewed her. She was excited about playing soccer, eager to go to a dance, concerned about homework. Her optimism was palpable.

Question: "Would you rather fly or be invisible?"

Audrie: "Fly any day."

But as freshman year got underway, Audrie was picked on by some classmates, her parents said, prompting them to ask for a meeting with school officials. Her parents said they raised concerns about Audrie being bullied. School officials have countered that "the issue of bullying was not the subject covered in those conversations."

"She was picked on because she was pretty, because she was popular, because she was nice," her father, Larry Pott, told the San Jose Mercury News. "It was: You're not as good as you appear to be. We're going to drag you down a bit."

Her stepmother, Lisa Pott, said in the same interview that Audrie was neither depressed nor on medication.

"She had no more teen drama than I did," Lisa Pott said.

One week after the Labor Day party, Audrie called her mother from school and asked to be picked up. "She said, I can't deal with it, please take me home," recalled Sheila Pott, who brought her daughter to their Los Altos home and begged her to share what was going on. But Audrie couldn't put words to her pain. That same day, she hanged herself.

As they buried Audrie, her parents had no idea about an alleged assault, let alone that school officials, alerted by students about the party and the picture, had already gone to the Santa Clara County Sheriff's Office, which launched an investigation.

Then the Pott family began getting phone calls. "There was information some of the children had that they felt would be vital for us to find out," Larry Pott said.

The three boys accused in the case were charged in the fall but remained in school (one transferring elsewhere) until April 11, when sheriff's deputies arrested them on charges of sexual battery and distribution of child pornography. Attorneys representing the teens, whose names have not been released because of their ages, urged the public to withhold judgment.

"Much of what has been reported ... is inaccurate. Most disturbing is the attempt to link (Audrie's) suicide to the specific actions of these three boys," said a statement from attorneys Eric Geffon, Alan Lagod and Benjamin Williams. "We are hopeful that everyone understands that these boys, none of whom have ever been in trouble with the law, are to be regarded as innocent."

The Pott family has sued the boys and their families, and filed an administrative claim against the Los Gatos-Saratoga Union High School District, alleging that administrators were slack in responding to bullying against Audrie. "With no assault, with no cyberbullying, Audrie is in art class right now," Larry Pott said at a news conference last month, his voice breaking.

The Potts also have launched the Audrie Pott Foundation to support local music and art scholarships in Audrie's memory, as well as youth counseling. And they are pressing for a change in state laws to stiffen penalties for cyberbullying and assault.

At Saratoga High, meantime, students went through an all-too-common cycle of grieving: A candlelight vigil and counseling sessions were held. Flowers piled up outside the library. Students wore clothing in Audrie's favorite color.

Now, months later, questions remain, but their young lives go on. Springtime at the high school means prom, college acceptances, final exams. There are track meets and pancake breakfasts.

This week the students have Memorial Day off, a rare three-day weekend before the rush of finals. If Audrie were alive she probably would have celebrated on that school-free Monday. It would have been her 16th birthday.

___

Associated Press writer Lisa Leff in San Francisco contributed to this report. Follow Martha Mendoza at https://twitter.com/mendozamartha

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/girls-suicide-alleged-attack-troubles-town-134103899.html

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Community outreach key to Obama counterterror plan (The Arizona Republic)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, News Feeds and News via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/308261566?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Friday, May 24, 2013

Environmental Studies Student News: Geography of Energy Class

Dr. David Murphy is again teaching the Geography of Energy class in the Fall of 2013. This very hands on class meeting on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:30-4:45p in the collaboratory computer lab in Cole Hall. There will be four field trips to local energy production facilities. Last year, the class visited the local wind farm, ethanol refinery, and other power plants. There is no textbook.

"This course is an interdisciplinary overview of the geography of energy. The course covers briefly the importance of energy within our economic system and the basics of energy literacy, including unit conversions and net energy analysis. The course then transitions into a discussion of the major sources of energy in current society, including oil, natural gas, coal, wind, solar, biofuels, hydropower and electricity generation. Within each of these energy areas we will discuss how production, consumption, transportation vary across space."

Source: http://niuenvironmetantalstudies.blogspot.com/2013/05/geography-of-energy-class.html

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Google X acquires Makani?Power, an airborne wind turbine manufacturer

Google X acquires MakaniPower, an airborne wind turbine manufacturer

Larry Page just picked up another bird for his flying craft collection, and this plane doesn't even carry passengers. In fact, it's not used for transportation at all -- the aircraft is tethered to the ground. Google X, the tech giant's experimental arm, recently acquired the device's designer, Makani Power. That company is currently in the process of creating a flying wind turbine system.

In essence, the Airborne Wind Turbine (AWT) flies at an altitude of 800 to 1,950 feet in order to take advantage of stronger winds. On-board generators create up to 600 kilowatts of electricity collected through dedicated turbines, which is then sent on to a tethered ground station. It's an interesting idea indeed, and judging by Google's non-disclosed financial interest, Mountain View sees some serious potential as well. The acquisition, first reported by Bloomberg Businessweek, was but one component of the publication's in-depth look into Google X. You can read that article in full at the source link below.

Filed under: ,

Comments

Via: The Verge

Source: Makani Power, Bloomberg Businessweek

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/Jh6TH_Zu3Rc/

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Thursday, May 23, 2013

Salesforce.com's quarterly results disappoint Wall Street

By Noel Randewich

(Reuters) - Salesforce.com Inc's quarterly earnings and outlook disappointed investors as costs rise following a spree of acquisitions, sending its shares lower.

Under Marc Benioff, Salesforce's CEO and founder, the company's fast revenue growth has made it a favorite with investors eager to own part of the growing trend among businesses to outsource their information technology needs - from servers to software, a phenomenon known as cloud computing.

But Salesforce has struggled to earn consistent profits. Its stock has underperformed the S&P 500 year to date but it still trades at 85 times expected earnings, compared to an average of 17 for its peers.

During the quarter ending in April, Salesforce's subscription and support costs rose faster than its revenue, pushing its bottom line further into the red.

Moving beyond "organic" expansion of the company, Salesforce.com made a series of major acquisitions last year that included a $745 million deal for Buddy Media, a social media marketing software company.

"They're moving from organic to inorganic growth. And inorganic is very expensive," said Bernstein analyst Mark Moerdler. "They're building out lots of sales organizations in lots of different areas."

Inorganic growth refers to expanding through acquisitions, in contrast to growth of existing business.

Considered the leader in cloud computing, Salesforce is facing rising competition from Oracle Corp , SAP AG and Microsoft Corp , which are intensely pursuing its customers and making splashy acquisitions to match Salesforce's product offerings.

Salesforce.com had a first-quarter net loss of $67.7 million or 12 cents a share, compared to a net loss of $19.5 million, or 4 cents a share, in the same quarter last year.

Salesforce said on Thursday its non-GAAP diluted earnings per share in the first quarter were 10 cents, in line with expectations.

It said it expects adjusted earnings in the current quarter of 11 or 12 cents, also in line with expectations.

"The guidance is just in line and we're used to seeing these guys raise," said Pacific Crest Securities analyst Brendan Barnicle. "We see this as a buying opportunity."

Salesforce.com also said full-year EPS would be between 47 cents and 49 cents, compared to expectations of 49 cents.

The seller of on-demand business software posted fiscal first-quarter revenue of $893 million, up 28 percent from the previous year.

It said revenue in the current quarter would be in the range of $931 million to $936 million.

Analysts on average expected first-quarter revenue of $887 million and current-quarter revenue of $934 million, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Shares of Salesforce.com fell 6.43 percent to $42.75 in extended trade after closing down 0.20 percent at $45.69.

(Reporting by Noel Randewich; Editing by Phil Berlowitz)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/salesforce-coms-quarterly-results-disappoint-wall-street-003038456.html

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A quantum simulator for magnetic materials

May 23, 2013 ? Physicists understand perfectly well why a fridge magnet sticks to certain metallic surfaces. But there are more exotic forms of magnetism whose properties remain unclear, despite decades of intense research. An important step towards filling these gaps comes now from Tilman Esslinger and his group at the Department of Physics. The team has developed a new kind of device that uses laser beams and atoms to emulate magnetic materials. Their approach promises fundamental insights beyond what can be obtained with current theoretical and computational methods. Moreover, the work might guide researchers towards finding new materials with interesting properties for future technologies and applications.

The concert of tiny magnets

Magnetic materials owe their properties to the intricate interplay between a myriad of tiny magnets. These elemental magnets come typically in the form of individual electrons, each of which is weakly magnetic. Observable magnetism arises when these magnetic building blocks are arranged in specific patterns, in which they are held by quantum-mechanical interactions. A typical fridge magnet, for example, is composed of several ferromagnetic sections; in each segment all elemental magnets are aligned in parallel, giving rise to the known magnetic behaviour.

In other magnetic materials the situation is much more subtle, and the elemental magnets are arranged into more complicated patterns. Examples include so-called quantum spin liquids, where the elemental magnets interact in a way that prevents them from ever reaching an ordered state such as that found in a ferromagnet. Physicists and material scientists are interested in such unusual magnets as they are landmark problems in many-body quantum physics, but also because these materials possess properties that may be the basis of robust and compact magnetic data-storage devices or of novel forms of information processors.

Simulating quantum systems with quantum systems

Unlike in the case of fridge magnets, predicting the behaviours of quantum spin liquids and other exotic magnetic states is a notoriously hard problem. The mutual interactions between hundreds of elemental magnets have to be taken into account, and this poses a significant challenge in calculations. The complexity of these calculations explains why for many magnetic materials -- and even for idealised model systems -- a full understanding is still lacking, impeding progress in utilising and further developing these materials.

As conventional methods involving paper and pencil or computers often fail for these complicated systems, Esslinger and his co-workers pursue a very different approach to understanding magnetic materials. They create artificial materials that replicate the material of interest. That is, instead of studying the actual material, the scientists perform measurements on its artificial counterpart, which is easier to handle and where important parameters (the strength of interaction between the elemental magnets, for example) can be changed more easily.

The physicists build their artificial materials by making atoms to act like electrons and loading them into a "crystal" created by interfering laser beams. Both the laser beams and the trapped atoms can be controlled with exquisite accuracy. "In this way we can simulate the quantum-mechanical behaviour of different magnetic materials," explains Esslinger, and adds: "One of our next goals is to address unsolved questions in the context of spin liquids."

From model to technology

Exploring the properties of a quantum system with another one that can be better controlled is known as 'quantum simulation'. In the past few years, there has been intense research into developing a quantum simulator for magnetic materials -- this specific application is considered to be one of the main goals in the field. Esslinger and his team have now for the first time managed to construct such a device that directly reproduces the behaviour of a large number of electrons in a magnetic material. "The key to our success has been a method that allows us to reach the extremely low temperatures required to explore quantum magnetism," explains Daniel Greif, a PhD student in the group of Esslinger and first author of the study. With their method, the physicists were able to create a magnetic system containing 5,000 atoms. Teaming up with the group of Matthias Troyer, a professor at the Institute for Theoretical Physics, they are currently investigating whether the behaviour of this state can be reproduced on a conventional computer.

The flexibility of the quantum-simulation approach opens up an avenue to studying a wide range of possible scenarios of how electrons interact with each other. The results of these simulations can then be compared with the behaviour of natural magnetic materials, in order to gain insight into the mechanisms that defines their properties. But there is also the prospect of discovering magnetic behaviours that has not been seen yet in natural materials. This, in turn, could spur novel applications, says Esslinger: "Future technologies are often driven by the development of new materials like high-temperature superconductors, graphene or new magnetic materials."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/v6GtG1JTdCk/130523143639.htm

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Emory, Georgia Tech receive first human exposome center grant in US

Emory, Georgia Tech receive first human exposome center grant in US [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 23-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Melva Robertson
melva.robertson@emory.edu
404-727-5692
Emory Health Sciences

Investigators at Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, along with partners at the Georgia Institute of Technology, have received a $4 million grant over four years to establish the HERCULES Center at Emory University (Health and Exposome Research Center: Understanding Lifetime Exposures). The grant is the first exposome-based center grant awarded in the United States.

The HERCULES Center is funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health as an Environmental Health Sciences Core Center. This NIEHS initiative is designed to establish leadership and support for programs of excellence in environmental health sciences by providing scientific guidance, technology and career development opportunities for promising investigators.

The exposome is a relatively new concept that incorporates all of the exposures encountered by humans. It is proposed to be the environmental equivalent of the human genome and includes lifetime exposures to environmental pollutants in food, water, physical activity, medications, homes and daily stressors. Exposome research looks at the holistic view of the human body's exposures, how the body responds to those exposures, and their combined effects.

"HERCULES is more than an acronym," explains Gary W. Miller, PhD, professor and associate dean for research at the Rollins School of Public Health, and director of the HERCULES Center. "Sequencing of the human genome project was a Herculean task, and determining the impact of the complex exposures we face throughout our lives represents a similarly difficult challenge. The exposome itself represents all of the external forces that act upon us. We know that measuring the exposome will be extremely difficult, but very worthwhile."

Scientists believe that when coupled with a growing understanding of genetics, the exposome will help uncover the causes of many complex disorders, such as autism, asthma and Alzheimer's disease.

Emory University and the Rollins School of Public Health have invested in a substantial expansion of environmental health sciences over the past five years, doubling the number of faculty in this area, building state-of-the-art laboratories, and establishing a new doctoral program. The HERCULES Center represents a culmination of that investment and recognition of the excellence of Emory's environmental health sciences program, says James Curran, MD, MPH, dean of the Rollins School of Public Health.

"We are very proud of the tremendous research that will be conducted as part of the HERCULES Center," Curran says. "This collaboration of investigators is a unique opportunity to empower and translate exposome research into innovative public health solutions."

Based at Emory's School of Public Health, the HERCULES Center comprises 38 investigators from both Emory and Georgia Tech. The center aims to promote the importance of the environment at a level equivalent to that of genetics.

A key feature of the HERCULES Center is the Systems Biology Core headed by Eberhard Voit, PhD, in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. Voit is a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar. The Systems Biology Core will provide expertise in computational approaches used to analyze and integrate large datasets.

"Assessing the enormous complexity of the exposome means entering uncharted territory and a unique opportunity for exploring and applying concepts and computational technologies that are just emerging in the nascent field of systems biology," says Voit. "We are very excited that Georgia Tech and Emory will venture into this new field together to learn and gain a greatly improved understanding of health and disease."

"This is such exciting news for us all," explains Paige Tolbert, PhD, chair of Environmental Health at Rollins School of Public Health and deputy director of the HERCULES Center. "This is a terrific development for the department, the school, the university and our bridge with Georgia Tech and beyond."

The HERCULES Center aims to promote the concept of the human exposome project on both a national and international level and welcomes research outside of Emory and Georgia Tech.

"This grant is unique because it is not a big project focused on one very specific task," explains Miller. "It's a core center grant that provides infrastructure and acts as a facilitator for exposome-related research. Our hope is that this grant will lead to many other grants that are looking at specific questions about the exposome. It's a huge first step with equally huge potential to advance understanding of health and disease."

###

Information about the HERCULES Center and exposome research is available at humanexposomeproject.com.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Emory, Georgia Tech receive first human exposome center grant in US [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 23-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Melva Robertson
melva.robertson@emory.edu
404-727-5692
Emory Health Sciences

Investigators at Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, along with partners at the Georgia Institute of Technology, have received a $4 million grant over four years to establish the HERCULES Center at Emory University (Health and Exposome Research Center: Understanding Lifetime Exposures). The grant is the first exposome-based center grant awarded in the United States.

The HERCULES Center is funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) of the National Institutes of Health as an Environmental Health Sciences Core Center. This NIEHS initiative is designed to establish leadership and support for programs of excellence in environmental health sciences by providing scientific guidance, technology and career development opportunities for promising investigators.

The exposome is a relatively new concept that incorporates all of the exposures encountered by humans. It is proposed to be the environmental equivalent of the human genome and includes lifetime exposures to environmental pollutants in food, water, physical activity, medications, homes and daily stressors. Exposome research looks at the holistic view of the human body's exposures, how the body responds to those exposures, and their combined effects.

"HERCULES is more than an acronym," explains Gary W. Miller, PhD, professor and associate dean for research at the Rollins School of Public Health, and director of the HERCULES Center. "Sequencing of the human genome project was a Herculean task, and determining the impact of the complex exposures we face throughout our lives represents a similarly difficult challenge. The exposome itself represents all of the external forces that act upon us. We know that measuring the exposome will be extremely difficult, but very worthwhile."

Scientists believe that when coupled with a growing understanding of genetics, the exposome will help uncover the causes of many complex disorders, such as autism, asthma and Alzheimer's disease.

Emory University and the Rollins School of Public Health have invested in a substantial expansion of environmental health sciences over the past five years, doubling the number of faculty in this area, building state-of-the-art laboratories, and establishing a new doctoral program. The HERCULES Center represents a culmination of that investment and recognition of the excellence of Emory's environmental health sciences program, says James Curran, MD, MPH, dean of the Rollins School of Public Health.

"We are very proud of the tremendous research that will be conducted as part of the HERCULES Center," Curran says. "This collaboration of investigators is a unique opportunity to empower and translate exposome research into innovative public health solutions."

Based at Emory's School of Public Health, the HERCULES Center comprises 38 investigators from both Emory and Georgia Tech. The center aims to promote the importance of the environment at a level equivalent to that of genetics.

A key feature of the HERCULES Center is the Systems Biology Core headed by Eberhard Voit, PhD, in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. Voit is a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar. The Systems Biology Core will provide expertise in computational approaches used to analyze and integrate large datasets.

"Assessing the enormous complexity of the exposome means entering uncharted territory and a unique opportunity for exploring and applying concepts and computational technologies that are just emerging in the nascent field of systems biology," says Voit. "We are very excited that Georgia Tech and Emory will venture into this new field together to learn and gain a greatly improved understanding of health and disease."

"This is such exciting news for us all," explains Paige Tolbert, PhD, chair of Environmental Health at Rollins School of Public Health and deputy director of the HERCULES Center. "This is a terrific development for the department, the school, the university and our bridge with Georgia Tech and beyond."

The HERCULES Center aims to promote the concept of the human exposome project on both a national and international level and welcomes research outside of Emory and Georgia Tech.

"This grant is unique because it is not a big project focused on one very specific task," explains Miller. "It's a core center grant that provides infrastructure and acts as a facilitator for exposome-related research. Our hope is that this grant will lead to many other grants that are looking at specific questions about the exposome. It's a huge first step with equally huge potential to advance understanding of health and disease."

###

Information about the HERCULES Center and exposome research is available at humanexposomeproject.com.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/ehs-egt052313.php

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